Dump truck



22 1927" P. E. BARKER DUMP TRUCK Filed Aug. 27. 1921 4 Sheets-$heetl 1,618,629 P. E. BARKER DUMP TRUCK Filed Aug. 27. 1921 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Feb. 2-2 19270 Feb. 22, 1927.

P. E. BARKER DUMP TRUCK 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Aug. 27. 1921 Patented Feb. 22, 1927.

untrue STATES PATENT OFHQE.

PERCY E. BARKER, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGN'OR. TO THE VAN DORN' IRON VIORKS COMPANY,-OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

DUMP TRUCK.

Application filed August 27, 1921. Serial No. 496,115.

This invention relates to improvements in hoist or dump trucks.

The objects of this invention are to provide means for preventing raising or lowering movement of the truck body while the gears are in reverse drive; to provide means for preventing the accidental settling of the truck body by gravity while the truck itself is in motion; to provide a swivel connection between the cross head and its operating mechanism so as to prevent the shock from a blow to the cross head being transmitted to the operating mechanism of the cross head; to provide an improved means for automatically limiting the raising and lowering movements of the truck body; and to provide an automatic oiling means.

Other objects of this invention will appear from the following description and claims when considered together with the accompanying drawings. i

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of my truck; Fig. 2 is a detail elevation of the drive connection to the hoisting mechanism; Fig. 3

' is adetail view of the one-Way clutch to'the hoisting mechamsm; Fig. 4 1s a detail view of the hoisting mechanism; Fig. 5 is a detail view of the latch for the lever rod for controlling the hoisting mechanism; Fig. 6 is a section taken on line 6-6'of Fig. 4:; Fig. 7 is a section taken on line 77 of Fig. 4; Fig. 8 is a detail view of the oil valve; Fig. 9 is a section on line 99 of Fig. 4; Fig. 10 is a side view of the dog engagingthe notch; Fig. 11 is an inverted plan view of the notch engaged by the dog; Fig. 12 is a detailview of a trip button on the hoisting nut; and Fig. 13 is an elevation of the hoisting mechanism.

In the device as here shown'gas engine 1 as usual is mounted on the front end of the chassis 2 and has drive connection through the gearing enclosed in the casing 3 with the shaft 4 and the aligned shaft 1" which eX- tends rearwardly to the rear axle. The gearing enclosed in the casing 3 includes the combination for high, low and intermediate speeds as well as for reverse drive. The truck body 5 which is pivotally mounted at (3 at the rear end of the chassis is adapted to be raised and lowered by means of the cables 7 attached at 8 to the depending arms 9 on the front end of the truck body and at inched at their other ends to the chassis at the points 10. lhe hoisting movement is effected by means of the sheaves 11 which are suitably supported for rectilinear motion in an upward direction by means of mechanism operated from shaft 1, as will be later described. V

The transmission casing 12 encloses a clutch member 13 which is keyed upon shaft 4 and is adapted upon actuation of the operatin shaft 1 1, connected to yoke 14 to be thrown into engagement with the companion clutch member 15 fast upon the drive shaft 4' for driving operation of the truck. The clutch member 13 can alsobe shifted forwardly for engagement with the companion clutch member 16 which is loosely mounted upon the shaft 1 and which carries a sprocket 17. This sprocket by means of the chain 18 has driving connection with the smaller sprocket 19 which is loosely mounted upon and has one way clutch connection with the shaft 20. This one way-clutch connection comprises the inclined and toothed surface of the sprocket member'lt) for driving connection with the correspondingly formed surface on the companion clutch member 21 which is slidably mounted upon the shaft 20. An annular shoulder 22 is provided upon one end of the clutch member 21 and forms an abutment forone end of the spiral spring 23 which abuts at its other end against the annular ring 2 1. The ring 2 1 is forced by the spring 23 against the pin 25 which extends through the end portion of the shaft and also through the diametrically disposed slots 26 provided in the ends of the clutch member 21. Thus a positive drive is effective from the sprocket 19' through the engaging teeth of the two clutch members, from the clutch member '21 through the pin to the shaft 20. This drive connection is effected when the sprocket 19 is operated in one direction only, that is, when the engine is set for direct or forward drive. When, however, the gears are shifted for reversev drive of the truck, the inclined or cam faces of the clutch member carried by the sprocket 19 will slip past thecam faces of the clutch member 21 and cause a movement of the clutch member 21 along the shaft 20 against the tension of the I *5 ends oft-he shaft and filiite i member 521. Thus when the truck in reverrc drive, no motion will be transmitted through the clutch to the shaft 20. Other terms of one-way clutches may be used at this point.

The sprocket 1t) and the chain 18 are enclosed in the casing which is bolted upon the top of the tranen'iission casing 12. The shaft :20, as it extends to the right of: the sliirocket 19, as viewed in Fig. 3, is given suitable supportin the tubular bearingll which attached by means ot'the bolts 232- to the side of thocast metal base 33 of the casing 3% which encloses the nut and screw mechanism for raising and lowering, the

truck body. A bushing 34" is provided and llt the shaft 20 is given positive during, conncction with the stub shaft 3% by means oi the screw threaded connection 215 and the lock pin 36. The lmshing $37 is also provided and a space 38 is preserved at this point bctween the bearing: 3, and the shalt .30. \Vith this arrangement 1 am enabled to attach my hoisting mechanism including the one-way clutch connection to a standard mechanism for raising and lowering the truck body, In this particular instance the only parts necessary for such drive connect-ion are the tubular supporting member with its bushings and the connection just now described between the shaft 20 and the stub shaft 341'.

The cast metal base 33 is supported upon the chassis in any suitable manner as for in stance by the screw bolts 40 and is engaged by the brace rods 41 which engage at their upper ends ears provided upon the cast metal top portion 43. The casing Set is secured within the cast metal base by means of the bolts 41 and is secured by means of the bolts ll-Q at its upper end to the cast metal top portion 43 which formed at one. side with ahousing 4st for enclosing the conncction between the operating handle to and the upwardly extending operating rod to. As seen in the drawings, the base and easing are inclined slightly to the rear. The handle 45 is fast upon the shaft 47 which is mounted inthe top portion 43. A yoke member so is also rigidly mounted upon the shaft 417 by means of set sore tilextending through the shoulder of the yoke member 50 and engaging the shaft 47. The oppositely dis-- posed arm of the yoke member 50 terminate at; points on diametrically opposed sides of the screw shaft 54, while the rearwardly tending portion of the yoke member ter minutes in a ball shaped portion which is adapted for swivel connection in the socket 56 of the u nvardly extendingro'd 16. A clevis 60, screw threaded on rod 46 has pivotal connection with the rod 1 which extends through the tubular guide portion 62 formed on the cast metal base 33. The lower end of the rod 61 is connected at 63 with the yoke 64: which is adapted for operative enmounted upon the nut;

gage-merit with the annular groove 65 ot the intermediate clutch member 65. This clutch member 65 keyed, as indicated at (35)" upon the lower plain end portion of the screw shaft 54 and is adapted for drive connection with either the upper or lower bevel gears (so and 67, respectively which are treely monnt ed with the intermediate bushings upon the screw shatt 54. These bevel gears are suitably mounted by means of screw bolts upon the annular flanges 66" of hubs 66 which surround the screw shaft with intermediate bushings and are supported in such position bymeans ot the thrust collars tit?" and (36. The stu shat't fi -t has fixedly mounted upon its other end the intermediate bevel pinion which meshes with both the upper and lower bevel gears on and 67. Thus it will be seen that upon operation or the shaft; 55 l both of the bevel gears 66 and 67 will be operated in opposite directions, but no motion of the screw shaft 54. will be caused unless the clutch member is moved upwardly or downwardly into clutched engagement with gear 66 or 67.

The present structure is so arranged that upon lllOVCITlGl'lt of the handle 4-53 to the right as viewed in the thawings, the operatingrod 16 will be moved upwardly which means that the intermediate clutch member will be brought into driving connection with the upper bevel gear 66. The screw shaft is then operated for upward movement of the truck body by means of the nut which will be caused to more upwardly along the screw shaft. The nut 90 is prevented from rotating: by means ot the key 91 secured in any suitable manner as by riveting along the inner taco oi the casing Prl. Rip idly 90 by means ot the pin and slot connection it? is the plunger ti lwhich at its upper end has swivellin tr connection with the cast metal support 05 'tor cross head 96 carrying the sheaves ll. The connection at 93 a rigid one by virtue of the fact that the companion semi-circular grooves in the nut and plunger GiltQlltil only tangentially andthus prevent any relative n'iovemrmt'. between these two parts. lr 'hereas, the pin and slot connection between the upper member 9:) and the plunger Ell allows a swivellinc llIUVtll'ltl'll; between these two parts l'ieeause ot the tact; that the groove in the fast member extends completely thereabout with a straight pin engaging tan rentially in only a portion or" the groove. 'lhus the force of a blow striking;- the (Toss head will not be transmitted to the mechanism at the lower end of the plunger.

The upper cast member 95 is provided at: its extreme upper portion with an oil reservor ltltl closed by a suitable screw cap lot, this oil chamber having eatendine therethroug'h. a tubular portion 102 through which extends the supporting pin it)? for the cross tltl ion

head 96. Cotter pins 10% maintain thecross pin in proper position. The lower portion of the cast metal member is provided with the annular inwardly extending web 106, which defines the bottom of the oil reservoir 100. This web has seated therein by means of screw threaded engagement the valve casing 107 within which is mounted the valve stem 108 carrying at its upper end the valve 109 and at its lower end the valve 110. Conical seats are provided for these two valves and a spring 111 normally holds stop is provided at 1.25 for the shoulder 126 formed upon the pin 120 so as to limit its upward movement. Thus it will be seen that when the cross head and likewise the truck body are in extreme lowered position, the valve will strike the pin and since the spring 121 is stronger than the spring 111, the valve 110 will be closed and the valve 109 opened. The valve casing 107, which serves as an oil measuring and delivering device, is now iilled up by oilfiowing from the chamber 100 through the ports 125 and 126 provided in the webs 112 and 114i, respectively. Then upon raising the truck body by upward movement of the cross head, the valve 110 will leave the rod 120 and the tension of spring 111 will cause the valve 109 to close and the valve 110 to open. The oil contained within the casing 107 is then permitted to flow by gravity out of the valve casing down through the plunger 9 1 past.

the uide sleeve 130 and to the top of the nut 90 which is provided with ports 132 for passage of the oil therethrough. These ports comn'iunicate at their lower ends with the chamber 133 within which are enclosed wicks 13 t extending out through the side of the plunger 90. The oil which will work its way by capillary attraction up through the wicks will pass outside of the plunger 94: and on to the lower portion of the nut which it then passes and finally reaches the gearing in the lower portion of the casing. The oil eventually settles in the base cover 1 10 which is removably secured to the cast metal base by means of the bolts lell.

The extreme lower end of the cast metal base encloses also the thrust bearings 142 and 143 for the lower end of the screw shaft. As will be apparent, the thrust collar 142 will take up longitudinal or vertical thrust while the lower thrust collar will take up transverse thrust upon this end of the screw shaft. The thrust collar 1 12 is keyed as indicated'at 145 to the screw shaft and a set screw 1&6 secures the lower thrust collar 1413 in locked position after being screw threaded upon the extreme lower end 01 the shaft as indicated at 14:7. Suitable washers 1&8 and ball bearings 1 1-9 are provided for the thrust collars. The upper thrust collar 14-2 is provided with a notch formed in the upper face of this collar. The notch 150 is adapted for engagement by the dog which is pivotally mounted by means of a pin upon the flanged strap 156 which in turn is secured by means of bolts to the lower portion of the bevel gear 67. A cotter pin secures the pin which extends through the registering apertures in the depending flanges 155 of the strap and the dog. The object of this dog and notch construction is to prevent accidental settling of the truck body by gravity while the truck is in motion. As will be seen from the drawings, any tendency of the nut 90 to work its way downwardly and to thereby cause a turning movement of the screw shaft will cause the dog 150 to engage the wall at the end of the notch and to prevent what would otherwise result in the turning of the screw and lowering of the truck body. Such a locking of the parts against such movement is made possible in my device because of the fact that the mechanical driving connection between the thrust collar 142 on the screw 54 through the bevel gears, shafts and 20 to the sprocket wheels 19 and 17 constitutes sufficient load to prevent turning of the screw shaft. Relative movement in the opposite direction is permitted between collar 1 12 and gear 67 since the pivoted dog will ride up the inclined face 150 oi the notch and thus pass over the same.

The tubular portion '62 of the cast metal base 33 is provided with an outwardly extending boss within which is screw threaded a housing 186. A latch pin 18? provided with a transverse stop pin 188 in its outer end, extends through this housing and is surrounded by a spiral spring 188 abutting against theshoulder of the tapered end portion 189 of the pin and normally forces the same into engagement with one of the recesses 190 in the operating rod 61. The purpose of this structure is to automatically hold the operating rod i6 in the position to which it is brought, there being provided three notches corresponding to the raising, lowering, and neutral positions of the intermediate clutch member 65. As a' means of automatically limiting the raising and lowering movements of the cross head I have provided a trip button 191 mounted in a boss upon the side of the base portion of the nut 90, this trip member being adapted for engagement with the lower face of the yoke lllQIlll'JQl 50 whicln as will be apparent, extends downwardly while the operating handle 145 is set for raising operation of the truck body. Then when the operatinghandle 4:5 is set tor lowering operation of the truck body, the yoke arm will extend somewhat upwardly and with my mechanism will be engaged by the down wardly extending pins 192 which are euitably mounted upon the cross head at 'll d" and extend through guides 192" on the cast member 13 to the inside of the same.

From the above it will be seen that with my device I am able to either raise or lower the truck body with the gears set for high. low or intermediate speed, but such operation is )ossihle only during direct drive oi. the trucik because oi the one way clutch connection which makes it innmssible to transmit motion from the motor to the nut and screw mechanism during reverse drive. l t

will also beelear that the trnele itseli ran be propelled forwardly or baclnvardly only when the hoisting mechanism is disconnected from the drive shaft of the motor, due to the control by the sliding clutch member 13 of the connection of the motor either to the vehicle wheels or to the hoisting mechanism.

Prevention of drive to the body raising and lowering mechanism during reverse drive of the shaft l is important to positively prevent injury to the mechanism by incorrect manipulation otthe control. do vices by the operator. Assuming that a drive connection is established to shalt 2b the operator initiates body raising movement by actuation of the o iierating handle 45. hen the raising movement is completed the clutch 65 is auton'iatieally thrown out by the mechanisrm and the oymrator is then able to move said clutch in the same direction into engagen'lent with the opposite driving clutch member. However; it in the meantime the operator has shifted the gears in the transmission n'leehai'iism to re tate shaft Ell in the reverse direction; closing of the clutch by the operator would not; lower the body but would so connect the parts a to again raise the nut and plunger; "forcing the parts out through the top of the colnn'm. The mechanism i deseribed absolutely n'ohibits such improper manipula tion.

Several of the advantages [lowing from this invention may be summarized as tollows. First, with my mechanism in which it is impossible to raise or lower the truck body while the truck is in reverse drive con nection, I avoid the danger of unloading the truck in the path of movement of the truck itself. It is also impossible with my device for the truck body to accidentally settle into lower position. during movement of the truck whereby the truck body can he maintained at; the elevation desired while moving the truck forwardly. The swivelling connection between the cross head and the plunger prevents the shock of an outside blow from being transmitted to the mechanism which means that the life of the mechanism will be prolonged. My auto matic means for oiling the hoisting mechanism and the improved means for automatically limiting the raising and lowering movements of the truck body mean prolonged lite tor the mechanism as well as an increased elliciency.

Other objects resulting from this invention will be apparent to those who are tamiliar with the art to which it relates.

.l-laving described my invention, 1 claim:

'1. In a motor truck. the C(Hllbil'ltlt'lfill of a rlnnssis a truck body mounted upon said chassis and capable of raising and lowering movement, rc\'ersihle rotating means for propelling said chassis, body raising and lowering means of a form requiring driving rotation in one direction only to ellect the raising and lmvering of the truck body, and power transmitting means connecting said raising and lowering means for operation by said reversible pro ielling means and including means for transmitting but a single direction 0]? rotation.

E3. in a motor truck, the combination of a chassis, a truck body mounted upon said chas and capable of raising and lowering movement. reversible rotating means for n'opelling said chassis body raising and lowering means including reversing mechanism and having a part requiring driving rotation in one direction only to etl'eet the raising and lowering ol the truck body, and power transmitting means connecting said raising and lowering means for operation by said reversible pro 'ielling means and including means tor transmitting but a single direction ot rotation.

3. In a motor truck. the combination of a chassis, a truck body l'nounted upon said chassis and capable o l" raising and lowering movement, reversible rotating means for propelling said chassis, body raising and lowering means includii'ig a screw sharl t and a clutch and having a part rmmiring driving rotation in one direction only to ell'eet the raisii'ig and lowering of the truck body, limit devices for automatically cont-rolling said clntch. and power transmitting means connecting said raising and lowering means tor operation by said reversible propelling means and including means tor transmitting but a single direction of rotation.

l. In a motor truck the con'ibination ot a chassis a trncl: body mounted upon said chassis and capable of raising and lowering movement, means for propelling said chassis and lowering and raising said body, and

Til

means for preventing accidental lowering of said body, said means including automatic locking mechanism cooperating with said raising and lowering means.

5. In a motor truck, the combination of a chassis, a truck body mounted upon said chassis and capable of raising and lowering movement, means for propelling said chassis and lowering and raising said body, and means for preventing accidental lowering of said body, said means including automatic locking mechanism located in the train of said raising and lowering means.

6. In a motor truck, the combination of a chassis, a truck body mounted upon said chassis and capable of raising and lowering movement, mechanism for propelling said chassis, mechanism for raising and lowering said body, means for operating said mechanisms, and oiling means for said raising and lowering mechanism, said oiling means being automatically controlled by the operation of said raising and lowering mechanism. I r

7. In a motor truck, the combination of a chassis, a truck body mounted upon said chassis and capable of raising and lowering movement, mechanism -1"'0r propelling said chassis, mechanism for raising and lowering said body, means for operating said mechanisms, and means for intermittently oiling said raising and lowering mechanism, said oiling means being controlled by the operation of said raising and lowering mechanism.

8. In a motor truck, the combination of a chassis, a truck body mounted upon said chassis andcapable of raising and lowering movement, mechanism for propelling said chassis, mechanism including a plunger for raising and lowering said body, means for oiling said raising and lowering mechanism, said oiling means being controlled by movement of said plunger, and means for operating said mechanisms.

9. In a motor truck, the combination of a chassis, a truck body mounted upon said chassis and capable of raising and lowering movement, mechanism for propelling said chassis, mechanism including a plunger for raising and lowering said body, an oil reservoir carried by said plunger, a valve controlling the flow 01 oil from said reservoir to said raising and lowering mechanism, said valve being automatically controlled by the operation of said raising and lowering mechanism, and means for operating said mechanisms.

10. In a motor truck, the combination of a chassis, a truck body mounted upon said chassis and capable of raising and lowering movement, mechanism for propelling said chassis, a plunger for raising and lowering said body, nut and screw mechanism for operating said plunger, an oil reservoir car ried by said plunger, a valve controlling the flow of oil from said reservoir to said nut and screw mechanism, said valve being automatically controlled by the relative movement between said nut and screw, and means for operating said mechanism.

11. In a motor truck, the combination of a chassis, a truck body mounted upon said chassis and capable of raising and lowering movement, mechanism for propelling said chassis, mechanism including a plunger for raising and lowerin said body, an oil reservoir, means for i'i'ieasuring a predetermined quantity of oil to said raising and lowering mechanism, said measuring means being controlled by movement of plunger, and means for operating said mechanisms.

In testimony whereof I hereby atfix my said 7 

